What is the maximum allowable slope angle for excavations, unless alternative methods are employed?

The maximum allowable slope angle for excavations, unless alternative methods are employed, is typically set at 34 degrees. This angle is determined based on safety regulations to minimize the risk of soil collapse during excavation work. The 34-degree slope corresponds to a 1:1 ratio, meaning that for every foot of vertical drop, the excavation should extend one foot horizontally. This slope steepness is deemed stable for most soil types when appropriate soil conditions are present. Exceeding this angle increases the potential for landslides or cave-ins, making compliance with this regulation critical for worker safety and project integrity.